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composition over inheritance
Composition over inheritance (or Composite Reuse Principle) in object-oriented programming is the principle that classes should achieve polymorphic behavior and code reuse by composition (containing other classes that implement the desired functionality), instead of through inheritance (being a subclass). This is an often-stated principle of OOP, such as in the influential ''Design Patterns:'' "Favor 'object composition' over 'class inheritance'."
==Basics==
An implementation of composition over inheritance typically begins with the creation of various interfaces representing the behaviors that the system must exhibit. The use of interfaces allows this technique to support the polymorphic behavior that is so valuable in object-oriented programming. Classes implementing the identified interfaces are built and added to business-domain classes as needed. Thus, system behaviors are realized without inheritance. In fact, business-domain classes may all be base classes without any inheritance at all. Alternative implementation of system behaviors is accomplished by providing another class that implements the desired behavior interface. Any business-domain class that contains a reference to the interface can easily support any implementation of that interface and the choice can even be delayed until run time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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